Monitoring Ephemeral Lakes
In drylands past fluctuations in climate have resulted in relatively extreme changes in regional precipitation regimes. However, within most drylands contemporary changes in regional rainfall patterns are difficult to assess by direct measurement, and are best indicated and preserved by studying changes in the level and chemistry of closed or "non-outlet" lakes. However, many of these basins are un-gauged, and relatively little is known about their hydrologic response to climate inputs.
Research here focuses on the use of time-series EO data to determine inundation frequency and groundwater levels for large ephemeral systems. These data are used to estimate regional hydrologic inputs, and generate simple hydrological models.
Including collaboration with: Dr Charon Birkett (GSFC), NERC Dundee Satellite Receiving Station, NASA Surface Water Working Group. Funding from NERC and the Royal Society
![Time series of observations for the Magkadigkadi Basin, (A) Lake inundation data at Sua Pan derived from AVHRR and MODIS data; a time series of NIR reflectance and the percent of the lake area covered by surface water. Key flood events are highlighted, (B) rainfall within the Nata River Catchment derived from gridded climate data (0.5 degree) and flow on the Nata River, (C) Average and anomalies in FASIR FAPAR data for the Makgadikgadi Basin, (D) monthly normalized anomalies (monthly mean minus the mean of the monthly means normalized to one standard deviation) for TOMS AAI v8 (NIMBUS7 and Earth Probe) 1980 through 2005 and wind speed data derived from the ECMWF ERA-40 gridded climate product (1 degree); (E) Sea Surface Temperature anomalies for the Dipole Mode Index (DMI) and Pacific (ENSO3.4) regions. The landfall of Tropical Cyclones on the Eastern Coast of southern Africa are also noted [L] Magkadigkadi Basin observations](/polopoly_fs/1.20345!/image/Figure-12.jpg)
