From model to morphology: understanding leaf shape to optimize photosynthesis

Supervisor: Professor Andrew Fleming

Leaves are Nature's supreme solar panels. They collect radiation and use that energy to convert CO₂ and water into sugar. Although the basic biochemical process of photosynthesis is highly conserved, the form of the solar panels (leaves) is extraordinarily variable, reflecting both genetic differences between plants and also response to local climate. This raises the fundamental question of whether our present day crop plants actually have the optimal form to maximize crop yield. Can we design better leaves for the future?

Via a previous funded project we have generated a visco-elastic model of leaf growth, which has enabled us to start to explore the theoretical outcomes of altering particular mechanical properties of the leaf on leaf shape. At the same time we have developed an Atomic Force Microscopy method that allows us to measure mechanical properties in living leaf tissue. The PhD student will determine the extent to which the model captures observed leaf growth and modify it where necessary. We will then use the model to guide the next stage of experimentation by making predictions about the outcome of specific genetic or mechanical manipulations that can be used to test the model (a systems biology approach). In particular, we will incorporate into the model local mechanical properties and consequently analyse their effect on global growth mechanisms. We will also include active (out of equillibrium) effects using active gel theory, which has recently proved useful in understanding many cell behaviours. Our aim is to generate a general model linking local mechanical properties with global readout of leaf shape, identifying future targets for predictive manipulation of leaf form.

The student, who will preferably have a background at the interface of physics/maths/biology, will form part of a team investigating fundamental aspects of morphogenesis. The ability to work in a multi-disciplinary environment is required. Training in all aspects of the project will be provided with access to state-of-the-art infreastructure in an RAE2008 top-rated department.

To apply, please complete an online application form which can be found at www.shef.ac.uk/postgraduate/research/apply/applying
The call for applications to this post will remain open until the position is filled.